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Fact FileCapitalLimaOther CitiesAmazonas, Loreto, Ica, Pasco, Ancash, San Martin, CuscoOfficial languageSpanishAreaTotal 1,285,220 km2Population(2009est) 29,180,900CurrencyNuevo Sol |
Country Profile: Peru
Peru is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. Peruvian territory was home to the Norte Chico civilization, one of the oldest in the world, and to the Inca Empire, the largest state in Pre-Columbian America. The Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century and established a Viceroyalty, which included most of its South American colonies. Peru would however, gain their independence in 1821 and begin to establish their own unique culture.
Energy and Resources
Peru has a vast abundance of natural resources and has begun research into expanding their renewable resource industry. As a nation, Peru has been mainly focusing on wind energy, solar energy and hydroelectric energy. Peru believes that these are the energy sources of the future and looks to incorporate them into their society.
Economy
Peru is a developing country, the country's economic performance has been tied to exports, which provide hard currency to finance imports and external debt payments, exports have provided substantial revenue. Reforms have permitted sustained economic growth since 1993, as Peru looks to continue this trend in the future as well.
Culture
Peruvian culture is primarily rooted in Amerindian and Spanish traditions, though it has also been influenced by various African, Asian, and European ethnic groups. Peruvian artistic traditions date back to the elaborate pottery, textiles, jewelry, and sculpture of Pre-Inca cultures. The Incas maintained these crafts and made architectural achievements including the construction of Machu Picchu. Baroque dominated colonial art, though modified by native traditions. During this period, most art focused on religious subjects, the numerous churches of the era and the paintings of the Cuzco School are representative.
Future Outlook
Peru looks to expand in the future thanks to its wealth of resources and unique culture. Also, Peru has become a leader in Latin America for technology research, especially in the field of climate change and global warming. Peru's economy will also continue to expand, as they become a world leader in renewable energy such as wind, solar and hydroelectric power.
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